かわや （厠）

This odd word is flapping infront of the toilet at this local izekaya. roughly equivalant to "privy" or some odd word.

ほうふ (抱負)

Was at a party, and kinda through context I gathered that this means "resolution" (as in: ambition etc) or more correct for the season しんねんのほうふ（新年の抱負）'new years resolutions'!